US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US Federal House Bill HJR139

Introduced
1/9/26  
Refer
1/9/26  

Caption

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States requiring a balanced budget for the Federal Government.

Impact

If passed, HJR139 would fundamentally alter how the federal budget is managed, enforcing stricter limits on spending and placing a higher threshold on tax adjustments. The requirement for a balanced budget would likely lead to significant changes in federal fiscal policy, compelling lawmakers to prioritize budgetary discipline. In times of economic downturn or crises, this could restrict the government's ability to respond effectively by limiting its capacity to run deficits. This could particularly affect social programs, infrastructure spending, and other public services that rely on flexible funding mechanisms.

Summary

HJR139 proposes an amendment to the Constitution of the United States that requires a balanced budget for the Federal Government. This amendment outlines that total expenditures for a year must not exceed the average annual receipts from the previous three years, while also taking into account population changes and inflation. It specifies that total expenditures will include all federal spending except for debt payments, while receipts will encompass all revenues except those generated through borrowing. A significant aspect of this amendment is the requirement that any new tax or tax increase must receive approval from two-thirds of both the House and Senate.

Sentiment

The sentiment surrounding HJR139 is markedly divided. Proponents, primarily from conservative factions, argue that enforcing a balanced budget is crucial for long-term fiscal health and responsibility, ensuring future generations are free from excessive debt. Conversely, critics warn that such a measure may hinder economic recovery efforts, particularly during recessions, where deficit spending might be necessary to stimulate growth. There is concern that a rigid budget framework could lead to cuts in essential services and programs that benefit vulnerable populations.

Contention

The main points of contention include the potential impact on government flexibility to respond to urgent needs and the philosophical debate over the role of government in economic intervention. Opponents express fears that a balanced budget requirement could prioritize fiscal conservatism over social welfare, fundamentally changing the nature of federal support for various programs. Additionally, there are discussions regarding the practical implications of implementing such a constitutional amendment, including the challenges of defining 'expenditures' and 'receipts,' and ensuring accountability in adherence to these new budgetary constraints.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

US HJR110

Proposing a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution of the United States.

US HJR10

Proposing a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution of the United States.

US SJR97

A joint resolution proposing a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution of the United States.

US HJR3

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States relative to balancing the budget.

US SJM6

Urging Congress to propose an amendment to the United States Constitution to require the federal government to operate under a balanced budget wherein federal government expenditures do not exceed federal government revenues.

US HB37

Proposing a Federal debt limit amendment to the Constitution of the United States.

US HCR45

A CONCURRENT RESOLUTION calling on the United States Congress to submit to the states for ratification a balanced budget amendment to the United States Constitution and making a formal application to Congress under Article V of the United States Constitution to call a convention for the sole purpose of proposing for ratification an amendment to the United States Constitution which requires a balanced federal budget.

US S0245

Federal Balanced Budget Amendment

US S2463

Resolutions for a United States Constitutional Amendment and a limited amendment proposing convention

US SJR94

A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States requiring Members of Congress to forfeit their compensation during Government shutdowns.

Similar Bills

No similar bills found.