California 2025-2026 Regular Session

California Assembly Bill AB1988

Introduced
2/13/26  
Refer
3/9/26  
Report Pass
4/14/26  
Refer
4/15/26  
Report Pass
4/16/26  
Refer
4/16/26  
Report Pass
4/22/26  
Refer
4/22/26  
Refer
5/6/26  
Report Pass
5/14/26  
Engrossed
5/21/26  

Caption

Companion chatbots: crisis interruption pauses.

Impact

The PAUSE Act establishes guidelines for operators of companion chatbots, requiring them to develop policies and monitoring systems to detect crisis expressions. These policies are directed towards enhancing user safety and ensuring that bot interactions do not exacerbate distress. Additionally, starting from January 1, 2028, operators will be required to annually report on their actions concerning crisis detections to the Office of Suicide Prevention. This reporting mechanism helps create accountability within the technology sector regarding mental health practices.

Summary

Assembly Bill 1988, known as the Preventing AI User Self Endangerment (PAUSE) Act, aims to safeguard users engaging with companion chatbots by implementing protocols for managing credible crisis expressions. The bill mandates that if a companion chatbot detects indications of suicidal ideation or other self-harm intentions, it must encourage users to seek immediate human support and initiate a 20-minute 'crisis interruption pause.' During this pause, the chatbot will refrain from responses and direct users to relevant crisis resources, such as the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline. This legislation reflects a growing understanding of the need for responsible AI use in contexts where mental health is at stake.

Sentiment

The sentiment surrounding AB 1988 appears to be predominantly positive, particularly among mental health advocates and organizations. Supporters view the bill as a progressive step towards leveraging technology to enhance mental health interventions and avoiding potentially harmful chatbot interactions. Concerns may arise over the feasibility of implementing such rigorous standards in varied commercial chatbot applications, suggesting a need for careful consideration of balance between regulation and innovation.

Contention

Notable points of contention include the potential limitations that the crisis interruption pauses may impose on user experience and interactions. Critics may argue that while protection is crucial, the implementation of mandatory pauses may disrupt the support users seek from chatbots. Furthermore, there is a question of how well artificial intelligence can comprehend nuanced emotional expressions compared to human counselors, raising concerns about the assumption that chatbots can adequately replace or supplement human intervention.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

CA SB243

Companion chatbots.

CA SB300

Companion chatbots.

CA AB2023

Companion chatbots: children’s safety.

CA SB1119

Companion chatbots: children’s safety.

CA SB867

Toys: companion chatbots.

CA S1344

Companion Artificial Intelligence Chatbots

CA AB1609

Customer service chatbots.

CA HB324

Artificial intelligence; age verification systems required for chatbots, safeguard protocols required, therapy chatbot requirements established, private right of action and enforcement provided for

CA H0659

Interactions with Artificial Intelligence

CA HB2737

Chatbot regulations; personal data; requirements

Similar Bills

CA SB243

Companion chatbots.

CA SB1119

Companion chatbots: children’s safety.

AZ SB1587

Dissolution of marriage; companion animals

CA SB300

Companion chatbots.

CA AB2023

Companion chatbots: children’s safety.

CA SB867

Toys: companion chatbots.

AZ SB1457

Companion animals; welfare; health

AZ SB1539

Animal breeders; dogs; cats; taxes