Virginia 2026 Regular Session

Virginia House Bill HB601

Introduced
1/13/26  
Refer
1/13/26  
Report Pass
2/4/26  
Engrossed
2/9/26  
Refer
2/11/26  
Report Pass
2/18/26  
Enrolled
2/25/26  
Chaptered
4/13/26  

Caption

Exemptions from garnishment; minimum protected account balance, certain benefit payments.

Impact

The proposed changes reshape how garnishments are handled in Virginia by formalizing the protection of a minimum account balance and enhancing the ability of financial institutions to automatically exempt certain funds from garnishment. This legislative adjustment could positively affect individuals struggling with debt by ensuring that they retain access to essential resources needed to meet daily living expenses. The bill aligns with a trend toward bolstering financial protections for those facing economic hardship, potentially leading to more equitable treatment in debt collection practices.

Summary

House Bill 601 (HB601) introduces several amendments to the Code of Virginia regarding exemptions from garnishment, particularly focusing on protecting certain amounts in bank accounts from being subject to such proceedings. The bill specifies that a minimum protected account balance of $1,000 should be exempt from garnishment, ensuring that individuals maintain access to basic funds. Additionally, the bill mandates that financial institutions examine accounts upon receiving a garnishment summons to determine which funds may be protected based on recent benefit payments. This aims to provide a safety net for vulnerable individuals, especially those relying on specific federal and state benefit payments.

Sentiment

The sentiment surrounding HB601 appears largely supportive among advocacy groups and legislators focused on consumer protection and economic fairness. Proponents emphasize the importance of safeguarding funds that support low-income families and vulnerable populations. However, there remains some skepticism regarding the effectiveness of these protections in practice, with critics unsure if ensuring a minimum balance would significantly alleviate the financial strain on individuals facing accumulating judgments. Thus, while general support exists, concerns about practical implementation remain a point of discussion.

Contention

Notable points of contention regarding HB601 revolve around the implications of exempting a minimum balance and the efficacy of financial institutions in carrying out these responsibilities. Critics are concerned that financial institutions may not adequately understand or fulfill their duties under the new laws, potentially leading to situations where individuals could unfairly lose access to funds that should be protected. This highlights a need for clarity in guidelines and potential training for financial institutions to ensure compliance. The dialogue surrounding these issues underscores the ongoing struggle between debt recovery practices and consumer protections within the realm of garnishments.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

VA HB1979

Wage garnishment; recovery of certain improper payment, etc., state tax debt.

VA HB1864

Garnishments; automatic exemption, accounts with depository institution.

VA HB2284

Wage garnishment; state tax debt.

VA HB1661

Deferred or installment payment agreements; universal minimum payments.

VA HB2204

Line of Duty Act; payments to beneficiaries.

VA HB1610

Accounts receivable; TAX, et al., to analyze pervasiveness of outstanding accounts, etc.

VA SB914

Sexual assault of a child; mandatory minimum sentence, penalty.

VA HB2123

Protective orders in cases of family abuse; maximum time valid.

VA SB999

Appeals; procedure on appeal, payment of expenses.

VA HB1913

Land records; recording and indexing fees.

Similar Bills

CA AB774

Civil actions: enforcement of judgments.

TX HB5009

Relating to the collection or execution of certain judgments; authorizing fees.

AR SB319

To Amend The Uniform Limited Liability Company Act; And To Clarify Charging Orders Under The Uniform Limited Liability Company Act.

LA HB1089

Creates CARE Accounts for certain damages arising from delictual actions

VA SB301

Exemptions from garnishment; minimum protected account balance, certain benefit payments.

VA HB1426

Judgments; limitations on enforcement, docketing of gen. district court judgments in circuit court.

MN HF2543

Various statutory forms pertaining to garnishment modified.

MN SF2847

Statutory forms pertaining to garnishment modification