US Federal 2025-2026 Regular Session

US Federal Senate Bill SB112

Introduced
1/16/25  

Caption

Make the Migrant Protection Protocols Mandatory Act of 2025This bill requires the Department of Justice (DOJ) to remove certain non-U.S. nationals (aliens under federal law) from the United States while such an individual's application for admission is pending.Specifically, if such an individual arrived by land from a foreign country bordering the United States and the individual is not clearly and beyond a doubt entitled to admission into the United States, DOJ must return that individual to that bordering foreign country while the individual's application for admission is pending. (Currently, DOJ may choose to detain such an individual or return the individual to the bordering foreign country while the application for admission is pending.)

Impact

The implications of SB112 are profound, as it would alter the landscape of U.S. immigration policy by creating a legally binding requirement for the MPP. Proponents argue that this will deter illegal crossings and enhance the integrity of the asylum process. Supporters believe that maintaining asylum seekers in Mexico will reduce the influx at the border and allow for a more orderly processing system. This change could also lead to a substantial change in how the U.S. engages with Mexico regarding immigration matters, potentially straining relations if adequate support systems are not established for asylum seekers waiting in Mexico.

Summary

SB112, known as the 'Make the Migrant Protection Protocols Mandatory Act of 2025', seeks to amend the Immigration and Nationality Act to enforce the mandatory implementation of the Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP). This legislation stands as an effort to bolster border security by ensuring that individuals seeking asylum must remain in Mexico while their claims are processed in the United States. The amendment is a significant shift from the optional nature of the protocols as outlined in the current law, where the term 'may' is replaced with 'shall'.

Contention

However, the bill is likely to be met with significant opposition. Critics assert that mandatory protocols could violate humanitarian commitments and endanger the lives of individuals fleeing violence and persecution. There are concerns about the capability of the Mexican government to provide adequate support and safety for these individuals. The potential for increased litigation and humanitarian concerns may create a contentious debate within Congress and among advocacy groups. Balancing national security interests with humanitarian obligations will likely be a central point of contention for lawmakers.

Congress_id

119-S-112

Policy_area

Immigration

Introduced_date

2025-01-16

Companion Bills

US HB551

Identical bill Make the Migrant Protection Protocols Mandatory Act of 2025

Previously Filed As

US HB1790

Relative to involuntary admissions for certain individuals with a substance use disorder.

US HB23

Illegitimate Court Counteraction ActThis bill imposes sanctions against foreign persons (individuals and entities) who assist the International Criminal Court (ICC) in investigating, arresting, detaining, or prosecuting certain individuals.The bill categorizes as protected persons (1) any U.S. individual, U.S. entity, or person in the United States, unless the United States is a state party to the Rome Statute of the ICC and provides formal consent to ICC jurisdiction; and (2) any foreign person that is a citizen or lawful resident of a U.S. ally that is not a state party to the Rome Statute or has not consented to ICC jurisdiction.If the ICC attempts to investigate, arrest, detain or prosecute a protected person, the President must impose visa- and property-blocking sanctions against the foreign persons that engaged in or materially assisted in such actions, as well as against foreign persons owned by, controlled by, or acting on behalf of such foreign persons. The President must also apply visa-blocking sanctions to the immediate family members of those sanctioned.Upon enactment, the bill rescinds all funds appropriated for the ICC and prohibits the subsequent use of appropriated funds for the ICC.

US HB299

Transparency of Migration Act This bill requires the Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to make publicly available online certain information about individuals unlawfully present in the United States who are (1) apprehended by U.S. Customs and Border Protection and sent to a federal detention center or released into the United States, or (2) processed through an HHS facility. This information must be updated weekly and must include daily numbers, the country of origin of such individuals, and other details.

US SB482

A bill to include Czechia in the list of foreign states whose nationals are eligible for admission into the United States as E-1 nonimmigrants if United States nationals are treated similarly by the Government of Czechia.

US HB29

Laken Riley ActThis bill requires the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to detain certain non-U.S. nationals (aliens under federal law) who have been arrested for burglary, theft, larceny, or shoplifting. The bill also authorizes states to sue the federal government for decisions or alleged failures related to immigration enforcement.Under this bill, DHS must detain an individual who (1) is unlawfully present in the United States or did not possess the necessary documents when applying for admission; and (2) has been charged with, arrested for, convicted of, or admits to having committed acts that constitute the essential elements of burglary, theft, larceny, or shoplifting.The bill also authorizes state governments to sue for injunctive relief over certain immigration-related decisions or alleged failures by the federal government if the decision or failure caused the state or its residents harm, including financial harm of more than $100. Specifically, the state government may sue the federal government over adecision to release a non-U.S. national from custody;failure to fulfill requirements relating to inspecting individuals seeking admission into the United States, including requirements related to asylum interviews;failure to fulfill a requirement to stop issuing visas to nationals of a country that unreasonably denies or delays acceptance of nationals of that country;violation of limitations on immigration parole, such as the requirement that parole be granted only on a case-by-case basis; orfailure to detain an individual who has been ordered removed from the United States.

US SB109

Permit a school district to implement a new or revised section 504 plan, individualized family service plan, or individualized education program for a student who is the child of an active-duty member of the United States armed forces.

US HB190

Sending Evading Non-Documented Threats Home Especially Migrants Biden Accepted Carelessly and Knowingly Act of 2025 or the SEND THEM BACK Act of 2025This bill subjects non-U.S. nationals (aliens under federal law) who illegally entered the United States on or after January 20, 2021, to expedited removal (i.e., removal without further hearing or review). This applies even if such an individual indicated an intention to apply for asylum or expressed a fear of persecution. The bill does not apply to an individual serving in the Armed Forces as of January 1, 2025.

US SB267

Prohibits the funding of legal actions by foreign individuals and legal entities

US SR20

This resolution honors the 122nd anniversary of the arrival of Korean immigrants to the United States and urges all individuals in the United States to observe Korean American Day.

US HR357

Of inquiry requesting the President and directing the Secretary of State to transmit to the House of Representatives any record created on or after January 20, 2025, under the control of the President or the Secretary, respectively, relating to international agreements between the United States of America and El Salvador and the removal of individuals from the United States to El Salvador and subsequent detentions of such individuals.

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