Michigan 2025-2026 Regular Session

Michigan House Bill HB4045

Introduced
1/30/25  
Refer
1/30/25  
Report Pass
4/16/25  
Engrossed
10/22/25  
Refer
10/28/25  
Report Pass
12/11/25  
Refer
12/11/25  
Report Pass
12/16/25  
Enrolled
12/18/25  
Chaptered
12/31/25  

Caption

Civil procedure: civil actions; lawsuits for exercising rights to free expression; provide protections against. Creates new act.

Impact

The bill introduces expedited judicial processes for dismissing SLAPP suits, which allows defendants to seek prompt relief from such legal actions. Specifically, it enables defendants to file for a quick dismissal within 60 days of being served with a complaint, thereby reducing the financial and emotional toll associated with prolonged litigation. It shifts the litigation burden back to the plaintiff, who will have to demonstrate their case more stringently at an earlier stage of the legal process. This structural change represents a significant shift in how civil lawsuits related to public expression are managed within state courts.

Summary

House Bill 4045, also known as the Uniform Public Expression Protection Act, was enacted to enhance protections for individuals engaged in public discourse and to mitigate the effects of strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPP suits). The bill establishes a state policy advocating for the citizens' right to actively participate in governmental affairs without the fear of retaliation through legal means. Such lawsuits can often deter individuals from exercising their rights, and this act aims to curtail that chilling effect.

Sentiment

The sentiment surrounding HB 4045 appears generally positive, particularly among proponents who emphasize the importance of protecting free speech and encouraging civic engagement. Advocacy for this bill reflects a broader concern about the misuse of legal tactics to stifle dissent and critical voices in the public realm. However, critics raise caution about potential implications of these changes on genuine civil rights claims, arguing that the bill might be misused to dismiss legitimate lawsuits under the guise of SLAPP protection.

Contention

The debate on HB 4045 also uncovers concerns about the balance between protecting free expression and upholding individual accountability in legal claims. Critics highlight that while the intention to prevent retribution against public discourse is noble, the breadth of the bill could inadvertently shield those who may engage in harmful or unethical behavior under the auspices of free speech. This calls into question how the act will be interpreted and applied within the legal system, particularly concerning civil rights and discrimination claims, which are excluded from the provisions of the act.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

MI SB0057

Civil procedure: civil actions; lawsuits for exercising rights to free expression; provide protections against. Creates new act.

MI SB251

Civil Actions - Maryland Uniform Public Expression Protection Act

MI HB650

Civil Actions - Maryland Uniform Public Expression Protection Act

MI HB1268

The MS Uniform Public Expression Protection Act; create to regulate strategic lawsuits against public participation.

MI HB4327

Civil procedure: civil actions; false claims act; enact. Creates new act.

MI SB0616

Civil procedure: civil actions; civil actions against certain opioid litigation settlement defendants; prohibit. Amends secs. 2 & 3 of 2022 PA 85 (MCL 691.1672 & 691.1673).

MI HB4047

Civil procedure: civil actions; cause of action for media that falsely depicts an individual engaging in sexual conduct; provide for. Creates new act.

MI SB0030

Civil rights: general discrimination; reporting procedures for mistreatment during perinatal period; provide for. Creates new act.

MI HB5066

Civil procedure: civil actions; civil liability for a person who sells, delivers, or transfers a firearm to a person prohibited from possessing a firearm; provide for. Creates new act.

MI HB169

Public Expression Protection Act

Similar Bills

No similar bills found.