Maryland 2026 Regular Session

Maryland House Bill HB417

Introduced
1/22/26  
Refer
1/22/26  
Report Pass
3/3/26  
Engrossed
3/4/26  
Refer
3/5/26  

Caption

Criminal Law - Schedule III Controlled Dangerous Substances - Medetomidine and Xylazine

Impact

The legislation will significantly impact how retailers handle the sale of medetomidine and xylazine, necessitating them to maintain detailed records of sales. These records must include proof of the purchaser’s age and their intended use of the products. Any violations of the provisions can lead to civil penalties, further incentivizing retailers to adhere strictly to the regulations. The collected civil penalties will contribute to the Maryland Substance Abuse Fund, supporting broader efforts to address substance abuse within the state. This funding mechanism indicates a proactive approach towards combating misuse of these substances by directing financial resources towards preventive measures.

Summary

House Bill 417, also known as the Medetomidine and Xylazine Consumer Protection Act, aims to regulate the distribution and sale of specific controlled substances, namely medetomidine and xylazine. The bill establishes these substances as Schedule III controlled dangerous substances under Maryland law. This designation means that retailers must comply with additional regulations regarding their sale, primarily focusing on protecting public health and preventing misuse of these potentially hazardous substances. The legislation mandates that retailers may not sell or distribute these products to anyone under 21 years of age, thereby aiming to limit access among younger populations.

Sentiment

The general sentiment around HB 417 appears to be supportive of public health initiatives, with a focus on consumer protection. There is recognition among legislators and health advocates of the need to control substances that could potentially pose risks to community health. However, there may also be concerns regarding the implications of additional regulatory burdens on retailers and businesses, which could result in pushback from the retail sector. The bill reflects an evolving legislative approach to substance control and encompasses both public health perspectives and economic considerations.

Contention

Notable points of contention surrounding HB 417 include the balance between regulation and access. While supporters advocate for the bill as a necessary measure to control potentially harmful substances, opponents could challenge the restrictions imposed on retailers, arguing that such measures might disproportionately affect legitimate business operations. The requirement for age verification and the implications of civil penalties may stir debate among stakeholders regarding the efficacy and enforcement of the law. Ultimately, the bill represents a significant shift in how Maryland addresses certain controlled substances while highlighting the ongoing discussions about public health policy and retail compliance.

Companion Bills

MD HB1109

Carry Over Public Health Reform Act

MD SB435

Crossfiled Public Health - Medetomidine and Xylazine Consumer Protection Act

Previously Filed As

MD SB875

Public Health – Medetomidine and Xylazine Consumer Protection Act

MD HB413

Criminal Law - Controlled Dangerous Substances and Firearms

MD SB925

Criminal Law - Controlled Dangerous Substances and Firearms

MD HB1361

Criminal Law - Controlled Dangerous Substances and Criminal Organizations

MD HB1109

Public Health Reform Act

MD HB1441

Criminal Law - Public Consumption and Open Container - Prepayment of Citation

MD SB170

Criminal Law - Benefits Exploitation

MD SB253

Controlled Hazardous Substance Facility Permit - Research Facilities - Chemical Warfare Material Requirements

MD HB187

Criminal Law - Benefits Exploitation

MD HB62

Controlled Hazardous Substance Facility Permit - Research Facilities - Chemical Warfare Material Requirements

Similar Bills

MD HB1109

Public Health Reform Act

MD SB435

Public Health - Medetomidine and Xylazine Consumer Protection Act

MD SB875

Public Health – Medetomidine and Xylazine Consumer Protection Act

DE SJR9

Designating August 31, 2025, As "international Overdose Awareness Day" In The State Of Delaware And Requiring The State Flag To Be Flown At Half-staff In Observance.

HI HB1550

Relating To Health.

HI SB2419

Relating To Health.

MD SB183

Public Safety - Maryland Cyber Reserve - Established

MD HB972

Maryland Fair and Agricultural Education Promise Fund - Establishment ( Charles J. Otto Agricultural Education Promise Act)