Maryland 2026 Regular Session

Maryland House Bill HB1374

Introduced
2/13/26  

Caption

Alternative Fuel, Fuel-Efficient, and Electric Vehicles - Highway Use Fees

Impact

The bill requires the establishment of a voluntary Mileage-Based User Fee Program within the Department of Transportation, allowing owners to opt for this user fee in lieu of paying the annual highway use fee. This program will calculate fees based on the number of miles driven, which promotes a more equitable system for all vehicle users. Importantly, the bill also stipulates that owners are not mandated to participate in this program, offering flexibility to vehicle owners regarding fee payment methods. Any fees collected from the program will be deposited into a designated Highway Use Fee Account within the Transportation Trust Fund.

Summary

House Bill 1374 aims to amend transportation regulations concerning the use of alternative fuel, fuel-efficient, and electric vehicles in Maryland. Specifically, the bill proposes to repeal the annual surcharge previously applied to register zero-emission and plug-in electric vehicles, instead introducing an annual highway use fee for such vehicles. The new fee structure is designed to ensure that owners of alternative fuel vehicles contribute to the funding of road maintenance and infrastructure, reflecting their use of state highways.

Contention

While supporters of HB1374 argue that the new fee structure is a fairer approach to vehicle registration fees, concerns have been raised about the implications of introducing mileage-based fees. Critics may view this shift as a potential burden on lower-income individuals who may drive more but cannot afford newer, more fuel-efficient vehicles. Moreover, the successful implementation of such a program will depend on transparent data management practices regarding vehicle mileage tracking and privacy concerns that could arise. The transition from a surcharge to a fee system may also prompt discussions on state obligations to maintain equitable funding mechanisms across all vehicle types.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

MD HB1374

Alternative Fuel, Fuel-Efficient, and Electric Vehicles - Highway Use Fees

MD HB216

Electric Vehicles - Repeal of Excise Tax Credit and Establishment of Rebate Program

MD SB949

Vehicle Laws - Fully Autonomous Vehicles

MD HB1457

Washington County - Juveniles - Truancy Reduction Pilot Program

MD HB212

Maryland Building Performance Standards - Fossil Fuel Use and Electric-Ready Standards

MD HB439

Vehicle Laws – Fully Autonomous Vehicles – Human Safety Operators and Reporting Requirements

MD SB405

Vehicle Laws - Fully Autonomous Vehicles - Human Safety Operators and Reporting Requirements

MD SB882

Coal Transportation Fee and Fossil Fuel Mitigation Fund (Coal Dust Cleanup and Asthma Remediation Act)

MD HB973

Maryland Building Performance Standards - Fossil Fuel Use, Energy Conservation, and Electric- and Solar-Ready Standards (Better Buildings Act of 2025)

MD SB804

Maryland Building Performance Standards - Fossil Fuel Use, Energy Conservation, and Electric- and Solar-Ready Standards (Better Buildings Act of 2025)

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