Maryland 2026 Regular Session

Maryland House Bill HB1198

Introduced
2/11/26  

Caption

Civil Actions - Coerced Debt - Debtor Protections

Impact

The implications of HB 1198 will be significant for both creditors and debtors. Creditors will be required to adapt their practices regarding debt collection, ensuring compliance with the new law by ceasing collection activities upon notification of coerced debts. Furthermore, creditors may need to provide more transparent communication concerning the debts they hold that have been challenged by debtors. This bill also places the burden of proof on creditors once a debtor shows that they have provided necessary notice, which could shift the dynamics of debt collection practices and potentially reduce the instances of coercion in debt-related scenarios.

Summary

House Bill 1198 aims to enhance debtor protections within the context of coerced debts, which are defined as debts incurred under fraudulent or coercive circumstances. The primary purpose of the bill is to provide a legal framework through which debtors can assert their rights against creditors when they believe that a debt has been unfairly induced. This includes the right to notify creditors to cease collection activities relating to a coerced debt and allows debtors to seek equitable relief through the courts. Key definitions include 'adequate documentation' which is required to substantiate the claim of coerced debt and outlines various forms of evidence that can support a debtor's case.

Contention

There are potential points of contention regarding the implementation of HB 1198. Creditors may argue that the bill could make it too easy for debtors to evade responsibilities for legitimate debts by asserting coercion without adequate checks on such claims. Conversely, advocates for consumer protections argue that it is essential to provide safeguarding measures against coercive practices and help individuals who, due to various pressures, might find themselves in financially abusive situations. This law aims to strike a balance between the need for creditors to collect debts while ensuring that vulnerable debtors are protected against exploitation.

Companion Bills

No companion bills found.

Previously Filed As

MD HB1198

Civil Actions - Coerced Debt - Debtor Protections

MD HB268

Hospitals - Financial Assistance and Collection of Debts - Policies

MD SB981

Hospitals - Financial Assistance and Collection of Debts - Policies

MD HB394

Civil Actions - Distribution of Obscene Material to Minors and Age Verification Information

MD HB1471

Consumer Protection - Identity Theft Debt

MD HB113

Civil Actions - Noneconomic Damages - Personal Injury and Wrongful Death

MD SB584

Civil Actions - Noneconomic Damages - Personal Injury and Wrongful Death

MD SB614

Consumer Protection - Credit Reporting - Medical Debt (Fair Medical Debt Reporting Act)

MD HB670

Civil Actions - Unsolicited Obscene Material

MD HB663

Civil Actions - Sexual Deepfake Representations and Revenge Porn

Similar Bills

No similar bills found.